classification area eukaryotes era of dominance Chromalfolic Division (Division is a law of composition that relates the product of the prime to two numbers…) rice balls Super ambery. Retaria branch slot machinesDurbini, 1826 Categories Rank (Mathematics in linear algebra, the rank of the family of vectors is a dimension…) Lower

athalamia Polythalamia Xenophyophoria schizobranchs

Evolutionary position

eukaryotes Clade “Sr” Laying rice balls Alveolata

The slot machines They are the protozoa that appeared in the Cambrian (Cambrian spanning from -542 ± 0.3 to …). The test (sometimes called, incorrectly, sea ​​shells), which includes one or more rooms (or the place where hotel), with one or more perforations (holes). They have a way of life (life is the name 🙂 benthic (in and in sediments) or planktonic (in column Water (water is a chemical compound found everywhere on Earth, necessary for everyone…), especially in the photoperiod). they generally range in size from 38 µm to 1 mm (some can be over 10 cm).diet (For human cultural diet, see Practice…) Consist of bacteria (Bacteria (bacteria) are prokaryotic single-celled organisms, characterized by .. .)algae and molluscs larvae, oysters (Crustaceans (the crustacean) are arthropods, i.e. animals whose body…)Miscellaneous waste.

The story of their discovery

                                                                                                                                                                                            Table from a book by Dorpigny representing foraminifera

In 1826 Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny (1802-1857) created the order foraminifera in a work entitled Systematic Table of Cephalopods. During his lifetime, Orbigny will describe 1,500 species, most of which are new to Science (Science (Latin science, “knowledge”) is, according to the dictionary…). He was the first to study their lifestyle and environmental requirements. But the unicellular nature of foraminifera was discovered by Félix Dujardin (1801-1860) in 1835. Thanks to their study he discovered the protoplasm of unicellular organisms.

Classification Basics

The composition of this test (organic, cohesive, carbonaceous, siliceous) is the primary classification criterion for foraminifera and forms the basis of most classifications, including that of Loeblich and Tappan (1964 and 1988). Foraminifera in Organic tests They are mainly represented by unicellular bundles, the Halogromiina (suborder). This suborder is still poorly known, having been lost in fossil accumulation, it has been little studied by microbiologists. However, the Gooday Group in Southampton (UK) is currently trying to catch up, everything (Everything is understood as everything that exists more commonly as the world or…) At least when you recognize it. Foraminifera in Clustered tests It is characterized by contamination of grains obtained from sediments (see Gudrina sp. , foraminifera lower left on the proposed tablet). Grain selection can occur in some species (e.g Saccammina micaceus, which only offers mica grains). Two types of foraminifera Carbonate tests can be distinguished. Porcelain has a white side (white is the color of an object heated to about 5000°C (see…) Opaque, while hyaline is transparent and vitreous. Finally, foraminifera rock tests Extremely rare. The second classification criterion is the design of the changing rooms. Thus, we can distinguish several main types of tests:

One eye tests Multiple eye exams: In sequential trials, the boxes are arranged in a row (eg Gudrina s) ; Spiral tests (e.g. snails, the other three examples are in the table). disk tests Kiloform test. The houses are formed successively and individually on several levels. complex tests.

The third criterion is the decoration of the test. Examination may be smooth, but often has growths (ribs, spine, suture bridges, etc.) and depressions. Finally, the fourth criterion is the shape and location of the main opening. Thus, the opening is sometimes connected to additional elements (teeth, lips, plates, etc.) and/or the end of the neck. microfossils (Microfossils are tiny fossils, the study of which requires resources…) Marine sediments containing radioactive pellets, spongy nets (small spines), planktonic foraminifera (small white shells) and benthic foraminifera (large white crust in the center of the image, plus of the image, plus the image, small yellow shells consisting of lumpy grains of sand). The diameter (In a circle or sphere, the diameter is a straight line through the center…) Average balls are about 0.5 mm. a sample (Generally, a sample is a small amount of material, information or…) of washed and sieved sediment to 125 µm (East Sea (The term sea covers many events.) from Weddell, Antarctica).

Possible use of modern foramers

Ubiquitous in marine environments, they occupy a large number of ecological niches (from marsh (in geography, a marsh is a type of landscape formation, with little rest…) marine to abyssal plains). Due to its short life cycle (1 to 3 Months (A month (from Latin mensis “month” and former plural “menstruation”) is a period of time…) in Did you know? (Average is a statistical measure that characterizes elements of a set…)1 year max), foraminifers react quickly to environmental changes (Environment is everything that surrounds us. It is all natural elements and…). Their population can increase or decrease, their diversity can change, cells can grow or shrink… pollution (Pollution is defined as that which makes the environment unhealthy. The definition varies depending on…) Environmental changes (eg climate changes) can lead to a drastic change in foraminiferal groups. Thus, its short life cycle and its ubiquitous presence in the marine environment are associated with great sedimentary wealth (Analyzes Statistics (Statistics is a formal science, method and technique. It is…) powerful), which is a cheap and easy method for analysis and impact (TRACE is a NASA space telescope designed to study the relationship between…) In the fossil (derived from the Latin noun fodere: fossil, literally…) (The study is allowed before the modification environment) Make foraminifera, especially benthics, good biomarkers of environmental quality or agents of environmental change.